The
"OM"
syllable is described with several
meanings in the Vedas and different early Upanishads. the sacred
sound, is
in the
Vedas, called
Udgitha
(song of the universe),and
various meanings;
immeasurably
great,
and
the truth, the ultimate reality, the finest essence, the cause of the
Universe, the essence of life, the Brahman, the Atman, the conveyance
of deepest knowledge, and Self-knowledge"
as that.
The
Chandogya Upanishad as one of the oldest Upanishads, it says, that
the syllable OM as Udgitha.
The OM syllable is
the essence of all beings in the earth, the essence of earth is
water, the essence of water are the plants, the essence of plants is
man, the essence of man is speech, the essence of speech is the Rig
Veda, the essence of the Rig Veda is the Sama Veda, and the essence
of Sama Veda is the Udgitha.
There
is a related story from Kadha Upanishad
Vajasravasa, who performed the Yaga, announced
that he would give away all his cows as charity of the yaga. Plenty
of sages attended for yaga once finished the hymns and rituals he was
giving cows as charity to the sages. However, his son Nachiketa
saw the ludicrously the charitable things all are already been
exhausted, and are of no value to the receiver. the cows were very
old, they are barren' so the son asks his father,
"O father, to whom will you give me away?"
He asked his father in third time, and
The father, rose very angry to him and said " Yes I give you away to Yama," heard this word from his father he accepts his father's offering him to Yama, and went to Yamalogam (Yama's abode); but Yama was not there Nachiketa was very hungry and he waited for three nights, Yama arrives and felt sorry he was not there to invite his guest Nachiketa , so he offers Nachiketa to ask three boons.
The father, rose very angry to him and said " Yes I give you away to Yama," heard this word from his father he accepts his father's offering him to Yama, and went to Yamalogam (Yama's abode); but Yama was not there Nachiketa was very hungry and he waited for three nights, Yama arrives and felt sorry he was not there to invite his guest Nachiketa , so he offers Nachiketa to ask three boons.
Nachiketa' was feeling very happy and he asked the
first boon to Yama that “O Lord I wish to be back to my family”
Yama grants the first wish immediately,
O Lord I wish to know how one could reach heaven
where there is no sorrow, old age or death”. This second boon not
for himself but for sake of the worldly people and his sincere wish
for everyone to learn this secret of knowledge and free from
sufferings. Yama was pleased with the unselfishness of Nachiketa.
detailing the fire ritual, including how the bricks should be
arranged, and how the fire represents the building of the world.
Nachiketa remembers what Yama tells him, and he repeats the ritual,
skillfully, Yama pleased with him , and announced that hereafter
this nature of ritual will be called the "Nachiketa ritual of
fire"; also Yama adds that along with "three Nachiketa
ritual of fires anyone who respects three bonds with mother, father
and teacher, does three kinds of karmas they are ritual, studies and
charity, understands the knowledgeable deeds who will be free from
sorrow... Nachiketa was happy and he asked the third wish “ Lord
What happens to a man after death? I wish to know the truth from
you.” Yama did not expected this question from a young boy. He
tried to divert him but Nachiketa was very firm. He wanted to know
the answer. Yama was very pleased but he tried to divert the
attention with lot of attractive things. Nachiketa declined all these
worldly pleasures. Yama was pleased with such a juvenile seeking the
truth who had rejected the path of enjoyment and
chose the path of righteous.
Then Yama taught him the knowledge of the Atman, realizing which man
attains immortality. Nachiketa
already conqueror of the death
personally, His
intention was people should know the truth.
Yama pleased with him,
and explicated
on the nature of the true Self, which persists beyond death. The
primal
of
the realization one
should
aware
the
Self
(Atman)
is inseparable from Brahman, the supreme spirit, the vital force in
the universe. Yama's explanation was
brief however he focused
points are vital he explained to Nichiketa. Before
the beginning, the Brahman (absolute reality) was one and non-dual.
It thought, "I am only one - may I become many." This
caused a vibration which eventually became sound. Creation itself was
set in motion by the vibration of OM.
The closest approach to Brahman is that first sound, OM.
The vibration produced by chanting OM in the
physical universe corresponds to the original vibration that first
arose at the time of creation. The sound of OM is called Pranavam,
(meaning that it sustains life and runs through Prana or breath). OM
is represents the four states of the Supreme Being. The three sounds
in OM (AUM) represent the waking, dream and deep sleep states and the
silence which surrounds OM represents the "Turiya" means
being in 4th state of soul.
Because the first of the three states of
consciousness is the waking state, it is represented by the sound "A"
pronounced like "A" in accounting. Because the dream state
of consciousness lies between the waking and the deep sleep states,
it is represented by the letter "U" which lies between the
"A" and "M". This "U" is pronounced
like the "U" in would. The last state of consciousness is
the deep sleep state and is represented by "M" pronounced
as in "sum." This closes the pronunciation of OM just as
deep sleep is the final stage of the mind at rest. This silence
represents the "fourth state" called "Turiya"
which is the state of perfect bliss when the individual self
recognizes his identity with the supreme.
- The sound OM! is the syllable of the supreme Brahman
- The Soul, whose symbol is OM is the same as the omnipresent Brahman. Smaller than the smallest and larger than the largest, the Soul is formless and all-pervading.
- The goal of the wise is to know the self (soul).
- The Soul is like a rider; the horses are the senses, which he guides through the maze of wishes.
- After death, the Soul remains and it is immortal.
- Mere reading of the scriptures or irrational learning cannot realize Soul.
- The soul is immortal but body is mortal, understanding soul is ultimate reality.
- Ignorant can not realize Brahman result is struck with circle of birth cycle . Understanding the Self leads to moksham or realization.